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Kenapakah Piawaian Helmet DOT Tidak Diperakui di Malaysia?
Posted by Gomoto Media
Sebagai permulaan, piawaian helmet motosikal yang dibenarkan di Malaysia merupakan SIRIM MS 1:1996 dan ECE R22.05 (yang akan diambil alih oleh ECE R22.06 sepenuhnya). Tetapi helmet yang mendapat piawaian DOT tidak dibenarkan.
Jadi, kenapakah tidak dibenarkan?
Piawaian DOT FMVSS No. 218
Piawaian DOT sebenarnya digunakan di Amerika Syarikat. "DOT" bermaksud Department of Transportation (Jabatan Pengangkutan). dan "FMVSS" pula bermaksud Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (Piawaian Keselamatan Kenderaan Bermotor Persekutuan). "No. 218" ialah nombor piawaian dan ia berkenaan dengan helmet motosikal.
DOT di Amerika membenarkan pembuat helmet untuk menguji produk mereka sendiri kepada peraturan-peraturan di bawan piawaian FMVSS No. 218. Jika mereka mendapati helmet mereka memenuhi syarat-syarat tersebut, maka mereka boleh melekatkan sticker DOT Certified dan menjual helmet tersebut.
Jabatan itu kemudiannya akan mengarahkan pihak makmal ujian yang bertauliah untuk membeli helmet yang ada di pasaran untuk diuji.
Hasil ujian itu agak menakutkan kerana mereka melaporkan bahawa di antara 2014-2019, 72 helmet daripada jumlah 167 (43.1%) yang diuji telah gagal! Ia bermaksud pembeli berisiko hampir 50% untuk membeli helmet yang tidak memenuhi piawaian.
Pembuat helmet yang tidak menepati piawaian akan disaman sebanyak USD 5,000 untuk setiap helmet yang berada di pasaran. Mereka juga dikehendakki untuk menarik balik produk itu daripada pasaran. Namun terdapat hanya 12 pemanggilan semula, bersamaan dengan 16.6% helmet yang dijual sejak 2014.
Selain daripada itu, piawaian DOT tidak membuat ujian impak terhadap pelindung dagu bagi helmet full-face.
Peraturan ini amat berbeza dengan peraturan ECE, di mana sesuatu helmet akan diuji dari peringkat prototapi lagi. Jika prototap itu lulus, helmet itu akan diuji lagi diperingkat pembuatan. Jika ia lulus, ia akan diuji kali terakhir di dalam keadaan yang sedia untuk dijual sebelum ia dijual di pasaran.
Sebab itulah helmet-helmet yang telah lulus piawaian ECE senang untuk lulus piawaian DOT
Bagaimana pula dengan helmet yang ada piawaian ECE dan DOT?
Ada juga helmet yang mempunyai kedua-dua piawaian DOT dan ECE, tetapi boleh dipakai di Malaysia kerana kerana piawaian ECE diperakui di sini.